Ablation- to get rid of.

Androgen- male hormones

Apoptosis- process of suicidal cell death.

Aromatase- an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of testosterone into estradiol.

Corpus luteum- a temporary structure forming from a collapsed follicle after ovulation that produces progesterone in the second half of the menstrual cycle.

Cortisol- steroid hormone produced and released by the adrenal gland: helps to regulate such things as blood sugar, blood pressure and bone growth.

Endometrium- lining of the inside of the uterus...

Estradiol- the strongest form of estrogen

Estrogen receptor- a protein on some cells to which an estrogen molecule can attach. Estrogen-receptor-positive tumors are often more responsive to hormone treatment than are receptor-negative cancers.

Estrone- a form of estrogen, less potent and abundant that estradiol.

G-1 arrest- the point at which a cell “rests” or stops dividing (proliferation ends).

Lutinizing Hormone- signal from the brain to pop an egg creating libido.

Melatonin- a hormone produced by the pineal gland during the hours of darkness that affect diurnal body rhythms.

Mid Follicular Phase-  day 12- (the zenith of estrogen) when cells reach G1 arrest and Lutinizing Hormone is provoked.

Midluteal phase- a portion of the menstrual cycle characterized by high concentrations of estradiol and progesterone, occurring about midway between ovulation and onset of menstruation. (day 21)

Progesterone- an ovarian hormone that interacts with estrogen to control the menstrual cycle. A type of steroid hormone produced mainly by the ovaries and placenta that is needed to prepare for and maintain pregnancy.

Progestin- a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone.

Proliferative phase- the first half of the menstrual cycle, when the endometrium is being built up by estrogen.

Testosterone- the male steroid sex hormone or androgen, which is mainly produced by testes. Women’s ovaries also produce a small amount of testosterone.